Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kejadian Aritmia Jantung pada Lansia: Studi Cross-Sectional di Rumah Sakit Umum Universitas Kristen Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.2575Kata Kunci:
Aritmia Jantung, Elektrokardiografi, Indeks Massa Tubuh, LansiaAbstrak
Aritmia jantung merupakan gangguan irama jantung yang sering terjadi pada lansia dan berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya morbiditas serta mortalitas kardiovaskular. Selain proses penuaan, Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) diduga berperan dalam terjadinya aritmia melalui mekanisme inflamasi, remodeling atrium, dan perubahan elektrofisiologi jantung. Namun, hasil penelitian mengenai hubungan IMT dengan kejadian aritmia masih menunjukkan inkonsistensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara IMT dan kejadian aritmia jantung pada lansia di RSU UKI Jakarta. Penelitian menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis pasien periode Januari 2022–November 2025. Sebanyak 84 subjek dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. IMT diklasifikasikan berdasarkan kriteria Asia-Pasifik, sedangkan aritmia ditentukan berdasarkan hasil elektrokardiografi. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar subjek berusia 60–69 tahun (52,4%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (56%), dan memiliki IMT normal (27,4%). Kejadian aritmia ditemukan pada 29 subjek (34,5%). Analisis menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara IMT dan kejadian aritmia jantung pada lansia (p=0,802). Disimpulkan bahwa IMT tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kejadian aritmia pada lansia. Penilaian risiko aritmia pada lansia perlu mempertimbangkan faktor klinis lain di samping IMT.
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