Coming Out dan Keterbukaan Diri Individu Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual, dan Transgender di Indonesia: Tinjauan Literatur tentang Budaya, Religiusitas, dan Dukungan Sosial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.2223Kata Kunci:
Coming Out, Dinamika, Keterbukaan Diri, LGBT, Dukungan SosialAbstrak
Coming out adalah proses psikososial yang kompleks yang berkaitan dengan faktor internal seperti penerimaan diri dan regulasi emosi, serta faktor eksternal seperti dukungan sosial, norma budaya yang cenderung heteronormatif, serta religiusitas, sehingga keterbukaan identitas seringkali disertai dengan tekanan psikososial dan resiko stigma. Meskipun kajian tentang coming out sudah banyak dilakukan, penelitian ini secara khusus memposisikan proses tersebut dalam konteks sosial-budaya Indonesia yang masih cenderung terbatas dan tersebar secara tematik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana dinamika proses coming out dan keterbukaan diri (self-disclosure) individu LGBT di Indonesia dengan mengintegrasikan perspektif psikologis, sosial, dan budaya. Dengan menggunakan metode literature review, penelitian ini berfokus pada temuan-temuan terkini mengenai pengalaman coming out dan keterbukaan diri individu LGBT di Indonesia yang dipublikasikan pada rentang tahun 2016-2025. Artikel ini menyoroti tahapan-tahapan coming out, faktor yang memengaruhinya, serta implikasi psikologis dan sosial yang menyertainya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa coming out dan keterbukaan diri (self-disclosure) bukan hanya sebagai bentuk ekspresi diri yang autentik. Namun juga merupakan strategi adaptif terhadap tekanan sosial yang cenderung heteronormatif. Dukungan keluarga, komunitas, dan ruang digital berperan penting untuk menciptakan rasa aman dan penerimaan diri. Sebaliknya, norma budaya dan religiusitas yang kaku menghambat proses keterbukaan, bahkan memunculkan konflik batin. Oleh karenanya, dukungan sosial dan lingkungan yang inklusif sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis individu LGBT di Indonesia. Temuan penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memperkaya literatur psikologi sosial dan kajian mengenai minoritas seksual yang menyoroti pentingnya pendekatan kontekstual non-Barat dalam memahami dinamika identitas seksual di Indonesia.
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